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Languages in Brazil
Languages in Brazil
Portuguese is the official language, and is spoken by the entire population. Brazil is the only Portuguese-speaking nation in the Americas, giving it a national culture distinct from its Spanish-speaking neighbors.
Portuguese is the only official language of Brazil, and there are few regional variances. It is virtually the only language used in schools, newspapers, radio and TV, and for all business and administrative purposes.
The language spoken in Brazil is slightly different from that spoken in Portugal and other Portuguese-speaking countries, with some phonological and orthographic differences, although mutual comprehension is not affected.
English is part of the official high school curriculum, but just a minority achieve any usable degree of fluency. Spanish is understood in various degrees by most Portuguese speakers, due to the similarities of the languages. Spanish is slightly common in the border of Brazil with Spanish-speaking countries and the mixture of Spanish and Portuguese is jocosely known as Portunhol or Portuńol. On July 8, 2005, it was decided that an important communication tool for its Mercosur relations and that Spanish should be adopted as a second language. It will be taught in secondary school which will benefit 10 to 12 million students whenever the new bill comes in effect. [9].
Many minority languages are spoken daily throughout the vast national territory of Brazil. Half of these languages are spoken by indigenous peoples, mostly in Northern Brazil. The main indigenous languages are: Tupi, Guarani (also in Paraguay), Kaingang, Nadëb, Carajá, Caribe, Tucano, Arára, Teręna, Borôro, Apalaí, Canela and many others.
Still others are spoken by communities of descendants of immigrants, who are for the most part bilingual, in rural areas of Southern Brazil. These communities speak dialects of Italian, German, Polish or Japanese languages. The most dominant spoken Brazilian German dialect is Riograndenser Hunsrückisch, a Brazilian variation of the Hunsrückisch dialect of German. Talian is the main spoken Italian dialect in Brazil, and is based on the Venetian Language, which has its origin in Northern Italy.
German is spoken as a first language by 1,500,000 people, Italian is spoken by 500,000 Japanese by 400,000 and Korean language by 37,000. However, these non-Portuguese speaking immigrants communities in Brazil are in full decline, especially among teenagers, who learn primarily Portuguese.
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